Correlation of transdermal iontophoretic phenylalanine and mannitol transport: test of the internal standard concept under DC iontophoresis and constant resistance AC iontophoresis conditions

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
Guang YanS Kevin Li

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of using an internal standard approach to predict the transdermal flux of phenylalanine (Phe) across human epidermal membrane (HEM) in vitro during iontophoresis of constant direct current (DC), constant skin resistance alternating current (AC) with DC offset (AC-plus-DC), symmetric constant resistance AC (AC-only), and constant current DC with the application of a polyelectrolyte. Under the constant current DC and AC-plus-DC conditions, a linear relationship between the permeation of Phe and that of mannitol was observed with a slope close to unity. The ratios of the Phe permeability coefficients to those of mannitol during iontophoresis with different HEM samples were essentially constant with significantly smaller inter-sample and intra-sample variabilities than those of the raw Phe permeability coefficient data. This demonstrates that mannitol is a good internal standard for predicting the transdermal iontophoretic flux of Phe under these two conditions. On the other hand, the correlations of the permeability coefficients of Phe and mannitol under the AC-only iontophoresis and iontophoresis with the polyelectrolyte are poorer than those observed during DC and AC-plus-DC ...Continue Reading

References

Sep 2, 1999·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·V MerinoR H Guy
Oct 24, 2000·European Journal of Pediatrics·S Schweitzer-Krantz, P Burgard
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Aug 15, 2002·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Honggang ZhuWilliam I Higuchi
Apr 16, 2003·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Honggang ZhuS Kevin Li
Aug 5, 2003·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Ismail Tuncer DegimYusuf Oguz
Aug 23, 2003·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·S Kevin LiMatthew S Hastings
Nov 7, 2003·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·Anke SiegM Begoña Delgado-Charro

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Citations

Oct 4, 2007·Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease·N LongoW I Higuchi
Dec 2, 2008·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Qingfang XuS Kevin Li
Nov 18, 2005·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Guang YanWilliam I Higuchi

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