PMID: 6169020May 1, 1981Paper

Corrosion of pacemaker electrodes

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
V ParsonnetA D Bernstein

Abstract

As improvements in pacemaker components and design increase pacemaker life, problems with other components may emerge such as corrosion of the electrodes. Explanted electrodes were examined under a scanning electron microscope and the degree of corrosion was graded and correlated with the reasons for explantation, the status of the explanted pacemaker, and the duration of the implant. Fifty-six explanted electrodes were removed for loss of capture or sensing, pacemaker extrusion, broken wires, or after death. A numerical grading system was used to qualitate the degree of corrosion. The pacemaker itself was retrieved in 50 cases, permitting evaluation of the entire pacing system. The dc component of the pacemaker output was measured. Without the aid of magnification most electrodes appeared shiny and smooth. With one exception all corrosion was microscopic. Significant corrosion was seen on all pacemaker electrodes that had been connected to pacemakers with dc offset currents greater than 5 microamperes. All except the "youngest" explanted electrode showed some degree of corrosion. The data suggest that corrosion was directly related to the duration of implantation. With the possible exception of one case, no consistent adverse ...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1979·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·B S Goldman, V Parsonnet
Oct 30, 1969·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·W GreatbatchS W Calhoon
Jul 1, 1964·Medical electronics & biological engineering·J WEINMAN, J MAHLER

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Citations

Nov 1, 1988·Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing·A JonzonG Sedin
Nov 19, 2015·Sensors·Achraf Ben AmarHung Cao
May 1, 1983·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·J E IsbaryE Koenig

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