Cortical amplification models of experience-dependent development of selective columns and response sparsification

Journal of Neurophysiology
Ian K ChristieStephen D Van Hooser

Abstract

The development of direction-selective cortical columns requires visual experience, but the neural circuits and plasticity mechanisms that are responsible for this developmental transition are unknown. To gain insight into the mechanisms that could underlie experience-dependent increases in selectivity, we explored families of cortical amplifier models that enhance weakly biased feedforward signals. Here we focused exclusively on possible contributions of cortico-cortical connections and took feedforward input to be constant. We modeled pairs of interconnected columns that received equal and oppositely biased inputs. In a single-element model of cortical columns, we found two ways that cortical columns could receive biased feedforward input and exhibit strong but unselective responses to stimuli: 1) within-column recurrent excitatory connections could be strong enough to amplify both strong and weak feedforward input, or 2) columns that received differently biased inputs could have strong excitatory cross-connections that destroy selectivity. A Hebbian plasticity rule combined with simulated experience with stimuli weakened these strong cross-connections across cortical columns, allowing the individual columns to respond select...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 21, 2017·Scientific Reports·Yuhui LiFlavio Frohlich
Mar 7, 2020·Nature·Simon PeronKarel Svoboda
Nov 13, 2020·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Sadra Sadeh, Claudia Clopath

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