Costimulation of Murine Osteoblasts with Interferon-γ and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Induces Apoptosis through Downregulation of Bcl-2 and Release of Cytochrome c from Mitochondria

Mediators of Inflammation
Mayumi IguchiYoshihiro Ohmori

Abstract

During chronic inflammation from diseases, such as periodontal disease, the proinflammatory cytokines interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) alter bone remodeling. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we investigated the effect of IFNγ and TNFα on the proliferation and survival of clonal MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblasts. We found that although IFNγ or TNFα alone affected cell growth and survival only marginally, costimulation with both synergistically inhibited cell growth and reduced cell viability. The diminished cell viability was due to apoptosis, as indicated by increased TUNEL staining and elevated caspase 3, 8, and 9 activities. Western blot also showed that costimulation with IFNγ and TNFα elicited cytochrome c release and downregulated B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression without affecting Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) protein expression. Furthermore, stable Bcl-2 overexpression significantly alleviated cell death following costimulation. Collectively, these results suggested that IFNγ and TNFα elicited osteoblast apoptosis via cytochrome c release from damaged mitochondria, caspase activation, and Bcl-2 downregulation.

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Citations

Aug 29, 2020·Cells·Muhammad Aslam, Yury Ladilov
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Dulshara Sachini AmarasekaraJaerang Rho
Apr 9, 2021·The American Journal of Chinese Medicine·Kyung-Ran ParkHyung-Mun Yun
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Kyung-Ran ParkHyung-Mun Yun
May 18, 2021·Frontiers in Oncology·Yong XiaYoung Do Jung

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Assay
electrophoresis
X-ray
transfection

Software Mentioned

GraphPad
Prism

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