Cosyntropin Attenuates Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
Lorraine SieboldStephen Ashwal

Abstract

Aim: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality/morbidity and is associated with chronic neuroinflammation. Melanocortin receptor agonists including adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) ameliorate inflammation and provide a novel therapeutic approach. We examined the effect of long-acting cosyntropin (CoSyn), a synthetic ACTH analog, on the early inflammatory response and functional outcome following experimental TBI. Methods: The controlled cortical impact model was used to induce TBI in mice. Mice were assigned to injury and treatment protocols resulting in four experimental groups including sham + saline, sham + CoSyn, TBI + saline, and TBI + CoSyn. Treatment was administered subcutaneously 3 h post-injury and daily injections were given for up to 7 days post-injury. The early inflammatory response was evaluated at 3 days post-injury through the evaluation of cytokine expression (IL1β and TNFα) and immune cell response. Quantification of immune cell response included cell counts of microglia/macrophages (Iba1+ cells) and neutrophils (MPO+ cells) in the cortex and hippocampus. Behavioral testing (n = 10-14 animals/group) included open field (OF) and novel object recognition (NOR) during the first week followin...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 27, 2021·Pediatric Neurology·Stephen AshwalChristopher G Wilson
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Tiziana GenoveseRosanna Di Paola

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
blood collection
protein assay
ELISA
ELISAs
dissector

Software Mentioned

CoSyn
ImageJ
maze
ANY
GraphPad Prism
GraphPad

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Brain Injury & Trauma

brain injury after impact to the head is due to both immediate mechanical effects and delayed responses of neural tissues.