Cotranslational Protein Folding inside the Ribosome Exit Tunnel

Cell Reports
Ola B NilssonGunnar von Heijne

Abstract

At what point during translation do proteins fold? It is well established that proteins can fold cotranslationally outside the ribosome exit tunnel, whereas studies of folding inside the exit tunnel have so far detected only the formation of helical secondary structure and collapsed or partially structured folding intermediates. Here, using a combination of cotranslational nascent chain force measurements, inter-subunit fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies on single translating ribosomes, molecular dynamics simulations, and cryoelectron microscopy, we show that a small zinc-finger domain protein can fold deep inside the vestibule of the ribosome exit tunnel. Thus, for small protein domains, the ribosome itself can provide the kind of sheltered folding environment that chaperones provide for larger proteins.

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
force
protein folding
nuclear magnetic resonance
force measurements
optical tweezers
optical tweezer
PCR
FRET
chips

Software Mentioned

UCSF Chimera
MATLAB
SPIDER
PUREfrex

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