COX-2 in Radiotherapy: A Potential Target for Radioprotection and Radiosensitization

Current Molecular Pharmacology
Mohsen ChekiMasoud Najafi

Abstract

Each year, millions of people die from cancer. Radiotherapy is one of the main treatment strategies for cancer patients. Despite the beneficial roles of treatment with radiation, several side effects may threaten normal tissues of patients in the years after treatment. Moreover, high incidences of second primary cancers may reduce therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy. The search for appropriate targets of radiosensitization of tumor cells as well as radioprotection of normal tissues is one of the most interesting aims in radiobiology. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), as an inflammatory mediator has attracted interests for both aims. COX-2 activity is associated with ROS production and inflammatory signs in normal tissues. These effects further amplify radiation toxicity in irradiated cells as well as adjacent cells through a phenomenon known as Bystander effect. Increased COX-2 expression in distant non-irradiated tissues causes oxidative DNA damage and elevated cancer risk. Moreover, in tumors, the activation of this enzyme can increase resistance of malignant cells to radiotherapy. Hence, the inhibition of COX-2 has been proposed for better therapeutic response and amelioration of normal tissues. Celecoxib is one of the most studied CO...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 6, 2018·International Journal of Radiation Biology·Masoud NajafiHamid Abdollahi
Sep 22, 2018·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Bagher FarhoodAmirhossein Sahebkar
Oct 15, 2018·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Bagher FarhoodAmirhossein Sahebkar
Jan 10, 2019·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Keywan MortezaeeAmirhossein Sahebkar
Aug 4, 2018·Current Molecular Pharmacology·Peyman AminiMasoud Najafi
Oct 16, 2018·Current Molecular Pharmacology·Keywan MortezaeeBagher Farhood
Aug 4, 2018·Current Drug Targets·Natalia Tołoczko-IwaniukWojciech Miltyk
Dec 31, 2019·The Journal of International Medical Research·Xin-Da SongBin Liu
Jun 15, 2020·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Bin WangXin Jiang
Jun 19, 2018·Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling·Bagher FarhoodMasoud Najafi
Mar 20, 2019·Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics·Tara Chand YadavVikas Pruthi
Aug 9, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Tolga MercantepeFiliz Mercantepe
Mar 21, 2018·Military Medical Research·Rasoul YahyapourMasoud Najafi
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Aug 24, 2018·Clinical & Translational Oncology : Official Publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico·B FarhoodM Najafi
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May 25, 2020·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules·Ramar ManikandanNarayanasamy Marimuthu Prabhu
Jun 29, 2021·Dose-response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society·Xiaoting XuJuying Zhou

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