Creatine target engagement with brain bioenergetics: a dose-ranging phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of adolescent females with SSRI-resistant depression.

Amino Acids
Douglas G KondoPerry E Renshaw

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) often begins during adolescence and is projected to become the leading cause of global disease burden by the year 2030. Yet, approximately 40 % of depressed adolescents fail to respond to standard antidepressant treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Converging evidence suggests that depression is related to brain mitochondrial dysfunction. Our previous studies of MDD in adult and adolescent females suggest that augmentation of SSRI pharmacotherapy with creatine monohydrate (CM) may improve MDD outcomes. Neuroimaging with phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((31)P-MRS) can measure the high-energy phosphorus metabolites in vivo that reflect mitochondrial function. These include phosphocreatine (PCr), a substrate for the creatine kinase reaction that produces adenosine triphosphate. As part of the National Institute of Mental Health's experimental medicine initiative, we conducted a placebo-controlled dose-ranging study of adjunctive CM for adolescent females with SSRI-resistant MDD. Participants were randomized to receive placebo or CM 2, 4 or 10 g daily for 8 weeks. Pre- and post-treatment (31)P-MRS scans were used to measure frontal lobe PCr, to assess CM's tar...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 17, 2016·Amino Acids·Theo Wallimann, Roger Harris
Dec 5, 2017·The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine·Sergej M Ostojic
Mar 9, 2018·Harvard Review of Psychiatry·Brent M KiousPerry F Renshaw
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May 23, 2020·Chronic Stress·Anderson Camargo, Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
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Feb 10, 2021·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Jose AntonioTim N Ziegenfuss
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Apr 4, 2021·Nutrients·Abbie E Smith-RyanDarren G Candow
Oct 27, 2021·Journal of Psychopharmacology·Paul FaulknerPaul Allen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
pharmacotherapy
pregnancy
contraception
pharmacotherapies

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT01601210

Software Mentioned

jMRUI
FSL FMRIB Software Library
Stata

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