CRISPRscan: designing highly efficient sgRNAs for CRISPR-Cas9 targeting in vivo

Nature Methods
Miguel A Moreno-MateosAntonio J Giraldez

Abstract

CRISPR-Cas9 technology provides a powerful system for genome engineering. However, variable activity across different single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) remains a significant limitation. We analyzed the molecular features that influence sgRNA stability, activity and loading into Cas9 in vivo. We observed that guanine enrichment and adenine depletion increased sgRNA stability and activity, whereas differential sgRNA loading, nucleosome positioning and Cas9 off-target binding were not major determinants. We also identified sgRNAs truncated by one or two nucleotides and containing 5' mismatches as efficient alternatives to canonical sgRNAs. On the basis of these results, we created a predictive sgRNA-scoring algorithm, CRISPRscan, that effectively captures the sequence features affecting the activity of CRISPR-Cas9 in vivo. Finally, we show that targeting Cas9 to the germ line using a Cas9-nanos 3' UTR led to the generation of maternal-zygotic mutants, as well as increased viability and decreased somatic mutations. These results identify determinants that influence Cas9 activity and provide a framework for the design of highly efficient sgRNAs for genome targeting in vivo.

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
SRP059430
GSE44269

Methods Mentioned

BETA
targeted genetic mutations
immunoprecipitation
PCR
pulled
pull-down
electrophoresis
Footprinting
chip
MNase-seq

Software Mentioned

Semi
Matplotlib
bcftools
samtools
ViennaRNA package
CASAVA
Illumina
learn
Statsmodels
Scipy

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