Critical evaluation of different methods to calculate the Geoaccumulation Index for environmental studies: A new approach for Baixada Santista - Southeastern Brazil

Marine Pollution Bulletin
Bianca Sung Mi KimRubens Cesar Lopes Figueira

Abstract

Although the Igeo is widely used in heavy metal contamination studies, its application differs in each study in terms of the mathematical equation used, the chosen background, and whether the fine fraction or whole sediment matrix is used. This study aims to assess these different methods, propose a new equation to calculate this index and use the index to evaluate the environmental quality of Baixada Santista. The levels of heavy metals were quantified in fifty sediment samples using both in the whole sediment sample and only in the fine fraction. The index was calculated in both fractions and in the normalized levels. Using the fine fraction of the sample was more suitable to the classification. The ratio of the levels in the whole sediment to the fine content did not present a significant statistical difference compared to the levels obtained from the fine fraction. Based on this study, a new equation is proposed for use in future environmental studies.

References

Jan 3, 2006·Journal of Hazardous Materials·M FukueS Tani
Feb 7, 2012·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Lucas M BuruaemDenis M S Abessa
Sep 22, 2012·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Kazem Darvish BastamiMousa Darvish Bastami
Jun 18, 2015·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Saeed Al RashdiAbdi Siad
Sep 13, 2015·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Ming LiuDejiang Fan
Jan 18, 2016·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Bianca Sung Mi KimRubens Cesar Lopes Figueira

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Citations

Mar 21, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Badr H AlharbiMohammed Ahmad S Al-Shamsi
Jul 25, 2020·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Bianca Sung Mi KimMarcia Caruso Bícego
Dec 11, 2020·Chemosphere·Olga BelyaevaArmen Saghatelyan
Nov 20, 2019·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Francisco RuizVerónica Romero
Dec 29, 2020·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Gláucia Bueno Benedetti BerbelElisabete de Santis Braga
Feb 27, 2021·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Marcus Vinícius Silva SantosOlívia Maria Cordeiro de Oliveira
Jun 15, 2021·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Lucas Buruaem MoreiraDenis Moledo de Souza Abessa
Aug 25, 2021·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·José Lourenço Friedmann AngeliRubens Cesar Lopes Figueira

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