Critical evidence for the prediction error theory in associative learning

Scientific Reports
Kanta TeraoMakoto Mizunami

Abstract

In associative learning in mammals, it is widely accepted that the discrepancy, or error, between actual and predicted reward determines whether learning occurs. Complete evidence for the prediction error theory, however, has not been obtained in any learning systems: Prediction error theory stems from the finding of a blocking phenomenon, but blocking can also be accounted for by other theories, such as the attentional theory. We demonstrated blocking in classical conditioning in crickets and obtained evidence to reject the attentional theory. To obtain further evidence supporting the prediction error theory and rejecting alternative theories, we constructed a neural model to match the prediction error theory, by modifying our previous model of learning in crickets, and we tested a prediction from the model: the model predicts that pharmacological intervention of octopaminergic transmission during appetitive conditioning impairs learning but not formation of reward prediction itself, and it thus predicts no learning in subsequent training. We observed such an "auto-blocking", which could be accounted for by the prediction error theory but not by other competitive theories to account for blocking. This study unambiguously demon...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 26, 2015·Zoological Letters·Makoto MizunamiHiroshi Nishino
Nov 2, 2017·Scientific Reports·Kanta Terao, Makoto Mizunami
Jun 11, 2020·Scientific Reports·Hiroki Ebina, Makoto Mizunami
Apr 10, 2019·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Makoto MizunamiYukihisa Matsumoto
Aug 8, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Makoto MizunamiBeatriz Alvarez
Dec 24, 2018·Cell and Tissue Research·Yoshitaka Hamanaka, Makoto Mizunami
Jan 10, 2021·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Jiří Dvořáček, Dalibor Kodrík
May 9, 2021·Nature Communications·James E M BennettThomas Nowotny
Jun 29, 2021·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Makoto Mizunami

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