Critical Review of Plant Cell Wall Matrix Polysaccharide Glycosyltransferase Activities Verified by Heterologous Protein Expression

Frontiers in Plant Science
Robert A Amos, Debra Mohnen

Abstract

The life cycle and development of plants requires the biosynthesis, deposition, and degradation of cell wall matrix polysaccharides. The structures of the diverse cell wall matrix polysaccharides influence commercially important properties of plant cells, including growth, biomass recalcitrance, organ abscission, and the shelf life of fruits. This review is a comprehensive summary of the matrix polysaccharide glycosyltransferase (GT) activities that have been verified using in vitro assays following heterologous GT protein expression. Plant cell wall (PCW) biosynthetic GTs are primarily integral transmembrane proteins localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi of the plant secretory system. The low abundance of these enzymes in plant tissues makes them particularly difficult to purify from native plant membranes in quantities sufficient for enzymatic characterization, which is essential to study the functions of the different GTs. Numerous activities in the synthesis of the major cell wall matrix glycans, including pectins, xylans, xyloglucan, mannans, mixed-linkage glucans (MLGs), and arabinogalactan components of AGP proteoglycans have been mapped to specific genes and multi-gene families. Cell wall GTs include those th...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 6, 2020·The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology·Guillermo Garcia-GimenezKelly Houston
Mar 22, 2020·Marine Drugs·Ahmed Zayed, Roland Ulber
Nov 21, 2019·Plants·Markus PaulyCătălin Voiniciuc
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Dec 9, 2020·Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology·Yves VerhertbruggenAnne-Laure Chateigner-Boutin
Mar 9, 2021·Frontiers in Plant Science·Olga A ZabotinaRichard Weerts
Mar 23, 2021·Frontiers in Plant Science·Marlee A TrandelPenelope Perkins-Veazie
Jun 4, 2021·Scientific Reports·M López-HinojosaM T Cervera Goy
May 26, 2021·Current Biology : CB·Youssef ChebliAnja Geitmann
Jun 21, 2021·Biotechnology for Biofuels·Madalen RobertCătălin Voiniciuc
Jul 25, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Piotr Tomasz BednarekRenata Orłowska

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
NMR
transgenic
electrophoresis
glycosylation
protein folding
X-ray
x-ray crystallography
light
nuclear
atomic force microscopy

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