Cross influences of ozone and sulfate precursor emissions changes on air quality and climate

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Nadine UngerDavid G Streets

Abstract

Tropospheric O(3) and sulfate both contribute to air pollution and climate forcing. There is a growing realization that air quality and climate change issues are strongly connected. To date, the importance of the coupling between O(3) and sulfate has not been fully appreciated, and thus regulations treat each pollutant separately. We show that emissions of O(3) precursors can dramatically affect regional sulfate air quality and climate forcing. At 2030 in an A1B future, increased O(3) precursor emissions enhance surface sulfate over India and China by up to 20% because of increased levels of OH and gas-phase SO(2) oxidation rates and add up to 20% to the direct sulfate forcing for that region relative to the present day. Hence, O(3) precursors impose an indirect forcing via sulfate, which is more than twice the direct O(3) forcing itself (compare -0.61 vs. +0.35 W/m(2)). Regulatory policy should consider both air quality and climate and should address O(3) and sulfate simultaneously because of the strong interaction between these species.

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Citations

Aug 14, 2012·Environmental Science & Technology·Daven K HenzeChangsub Shim
Feb 6, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Nadine UngerSusanne Bauer
May 22, 2007·Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences·Meinrat O Andreae
Nov 11, 2009·Science·Drew T ShindellSusanne E Bauer
Feb 11, 2011·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·Christian HogrefeGopal Sistla
Aug 26, 2015·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Pavan S KulkarniC E Reeves
May 16, 2015·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·Arlene M FioreEric M Leibensperger
Mar 30, 2017·Environmental Science & Technology·Yixin GuoShu Tao
Aug 24, 2013·Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine·Tim K TakaroJohn R Balmes
Aug 8, 2012·Chemical Society Reviews·Arlene M FioreGuang Zeng
Jan 24, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Lulu CuiYing Chen
Sep 3, 2010·Environmental Science & Technology·Steven R H BarrettIan A Waitz
Apr 22, 2015·Chemical Reviews·Barbara Ervens
Aug 6, 2008·Environmental Science & Technology·Kuo-Jen LiaoArmistead G Russell

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