Cross-sectional cause of death comparisons for stimulant and opioid mortality in San Francisco, 2005-2015

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Caitlin TurnerPhillip O Coffin

Abstract

Opioids and stimulants (e.g., cocaine or methamphetamine/amphetamine [MAMP]) are major contributors to acute substance toxicity deaths. Causes of stimulant death have received little attention. We sought to characterize and compare causes of death and significant contributing conditions among persons who died from acute opioid, cocaine, or MAMP toxicity. We identified all opioid, cocaine, or MAMP deaths in San Francisco from 2005 to 2015 through the California Electronic Death Reporting System. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate associations between acute substance toxicity deaths (opioid versus stimulant; cocaine versus MAMP), additional reported causes of death, and significant contributing conditions most often linked to opioid and stimulant use. From 2005-2015, there were 1252 opioid deaths and 749 stimulant deaths. Cocaine accounted for most stimulant deaths. Decedents with cardiac or cerebral hemorrhage deaths had higher adjusted odds of death due to acute stimulant toxicity versus acute opioid toxicity (aOR = 4.79, 95%CI = 2.88-7.96, p < 0.01; aOR = 58.58, 95%CI = 21.06-162.91, p < 0.01, respectively); no statistically significant associations were found for cocaine compared to MAMP deaths. ...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 24, 2018·Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine·Ramon L RamirezRoham T Zamanian
Oct 17, 2019·Addiction Biology·Jennifer L StewartMartin P Paulus
Jan 8, 2021·Open Forum Infectious Diseases·Ayesha AppaPhillip Coffin
Dec 5, 2019·NeuroImage. Clinical·Jennifer L StewartMartin P Paulus
Apr 9, 2021·Peptides·Richard J Bodnar
Dec 10, 2021·Translational Psychiatry·Spencer B HuggettRohan H C Palmer
Jan 18, 2022·Harm Reduction Journal·Robert W HardingKarla D Wagner

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