Crowding and visual acuity measured in adults using paediatric test letters, pictures and symbols

Vision Research
Sarah J H LalorSarah J Waugh

Abstract

Crowding refers to the degradation of visual acuity for target optotypes with, versus without, surrounding features. Crowding is important clinically, however the effect of target-flanker spacing on acuity for symbols and pictures, compared to letters, has not been investigated. Five adults with corrected-to-normal vision had visual acuity measured for modified single target versions of Kay Pictures, Lea Symbols, HOTV and Cambridge Crowding Cards, tests. Single optotypes were presented in isolation and with surrounding features placed 0-5 stroke-widths away. Visual acuity measured with Kay Picture optotypes is 0.13-0.19logMAR better than for other test optotypes and varies significantly across picture. The magnitude of crowding is strongest when the surrounding features abut, or are placed 1 stroke-width away from the target optotype. The slope of the psychometric function is steeper in the region just beyond maximum crowding. Crowding is strongest and the psychometric function steepest, with the Cambridge Crowding Cards arrangement, than when any single optotype is surrounded by a box. Estimates of crowding extent are less variable across test when expressed in units of stroke-width, than optotype-width. Crowding for single ta...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1976·American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics·I L Bailey, J E Lovie
Jun 1, 1990·Ophthalmology·D L Mayer, R D Gross
May 1, 1986·American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics·K D Fern, R E Manny
Apr 11, 1970·British Medical Journal·M D Sheridan, P A Gardiner
Apr 1, 1966·Public Health Reports·M C Flom, R W Neumaier
Aug 1, 1971·American Journal of Public Health·O Lippmann
Jun 1, 1968·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·M H Emarah
Feb 1, 1983·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·H Kay
Oct 1, 1993·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·P V McGraw, B Winn
Mar 1, 1997·Vision Research·K R AlexanderD J Derlacki
Jun 1, 1997·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·A J SimmersK Spowart
Jan 27, 1998·Ophthalmology·K AtteboR Sparkes
Apr 30, 1999·Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·Y MoradP Nemet
May 2, 2000·Vision Research·I Kovács
Jul 18, 2000·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·P V McGrawD B Elliott
Jul 13, 2001·Vision Research·R F HessB Brown
Sep 27, 2001·Archives of Ophthalmology·J M HolmesUNKNOWN Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group
Jun 5, 2002·Vision Research·Dennis M LeviStanley A Klein
Sep 1, 1963·Journal of the Optical Society of America·M C FLOMD KAHNEMAN
Nov 19, 2003·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Deborah JonesMohamed Abdolell
Jun 24, 2004·Annals of Family Medicine·UNKNOWN U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Jan 27, 2005·Journal of Vision·Denis G PelliNajib J Majaj
Mar 8, 2005·Survey of Ophthalmology·Kurt Simons
May 4, 2005·Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine·Alex R KemperErika M Levin
Jul 27, 2005·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·UNKNOWN Vision in Preschoolers Study Group
Apr 25, 2006·Lancet·Jonathan M Holmes, Michael P Clarke
Aug 8, 2007·Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·Alison T SaltPatricia M Sonksen
Jan 26, 2008·Journal of Vision·Maka MalaniaGerald Westheimer
Jan 26, 2008·Journal of Vision·Marina V Danilova, Valeria M Bondarko
Sep 3, 2008·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Raymond O BeirneMargarita B Zlatkova
Feb 25, 2009·Child Development·K Suzanne ScherfBeatriz Luna
Jul 18, 2009·BMC Ophthalmology·Christine SchmuckerJos Kleijnen
Oct 27, 2009·Current Biology : CB·Dennis M Levi, Thom Carney
Jul 14, 2010·Optometry : Journal of the American Optometric Association·Marie I BodackIra Krumholtz
Jul 17, 2010·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Seong Taek JeonTerri L Lewis
Jul 22, 2010·Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. Journal Canadien D'ophtalmologie·Matthew B SchlenkerRosa M Braga-Mele
Mar 26, 2011·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·T Rowan CandyVelma Dobson
Jul 7, 2011·Journal of Vision·Jean-Baptiste Bernard, Susana T L Chung
Nov 8, 2011·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Ximena MasgoretCatherine Suttle
Sep 27, 2012·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Julie Anne LittleKathryn J Saunders
Sep 29, 2012·Journal of Vision·Mauro ManassiMichael H Herzog
Dec 4, 2012·Vision Research·John SiderovHarold E Bedell
Feb 5, 2013·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Michele E MercerRussell J Adams
Jul 25, 2013·Vision Research·Harold E BedellLenka Musilová
Aug 2, 2013·Clinical & Experimental Optometry : Journal of the Australian Optometrical Association·Nicola S Anstice, Benjamin Thompson
Sep 28, 2013·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Monika A Formankiewicz, Sarah J Waugh

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 1, 2018·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Ananth SailoganathanJohn Siderov
May 16, 2020·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Sarah J Waugh, Monika A Formankiewicz
Jun 29, 2017·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Nabin PaudelNicola Anstice
May 29, 2018·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·František Pluháček, John Siderov
Dec 4, 2020·Vision Research·František PluháčekJohn Siderov

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Mark S Ruttum, Matthew Dahlgren
Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
Vision in Preschoolers Study Group
Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
A C Kothe, D Regan
Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Mark S Ruttum, Douglas J Covert
Archives of Ophthalmology
J M HolmesPediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved