Cryptogenic stroke: time to determine aetiology

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH
F GuerciniM Paciaroni

Abstract

Strokes that remain without a definite cause even after extensive work-up are classified as cryptogenic. These constitute about 30-40% of all strokes. Stroke aetiology may remain undetermined for the following reasons: (i) the cause of stroke is transitory or reversible and the diagnostic work-out is not therefore performed at the appropriate time; (ii) all known causes of stroke are not fully investigated; (iii) some causes of stroke remain unknown. Recent studies have challenged the previous view that cryptogenic stroke is a relatively benign cerebrovascular event, and have shown that cryptogenic stroke is associated with a higher rate of recurrence and adverse outcome at long-term follow-up. The determination of stroke aetiology is a valuable procedure to avoid the risk of stroke recurrence, especially in young patients. In this review, we discuss new evidence on the aetiology of cryptogenic stroke, specifically focusing on patients with patent foramen ovale and atheroma of the aortic arch.

References

Jan 23, 1992·The New England Journal of Medicine·P AmarencoJ J Hauw
Apr 1, 1989·Annals of Neurology·R L SaccoP A Wolf
Sep 1, 1995·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·H J LinR B D'Agostino
Dec 1, 1994·The New England Journal of Medicine·P AmarencoM G Bousser
Aug 1, 1994·The American Journal of Cardiology·C D FurbergP M Rautaharju
Jul 1, 1993·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·M Di TullioS Homma
Sep 15, 1993·Annals of Internal Medicine·C StöllbergerR Karnik
Jan 1, 1993·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·F VingerhoetsG Van Melle
May 9, 1996·The New England Journal of Medicine·UNKNOWN French Study of Aortic Plaques in Stroke GroupM-G Bousser
Jul 1, 1997·Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography·A Olivares-ReyesK Ong
Jan 13, 1998·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·F A DresslerA J Labovitz
Mar 21, 1998·Archives of Internal Medicine·R R MeachamM M Rester
Apr 8, 1999·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·E FerrariM Baudouy
Dec 3, 1999·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·G W PettyD O Wiebers
May 8, 2000·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·G W PettyD O Wiebers
Sep 12, 2000·Current Cardiology Reports·R G Hart
Oct 7, 2000·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·S De CastroN G Pandian
Oct 24, 2000·The American Journal of Medicine·H W SchuchlenzF Quehenberger
Aug 4, 2001·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·G J HankeyR I Baker
Jan 17, 2002·The New England Journal of Medicine·J P MohrUNKNOWN Warfarin-Aspirin Recurrent Stroke Study Group
Jun 5, 2002·Circulation·Shunichi HommaUNKNOWN PFO in Cryptogenic Stroke Study (PICSS) Investigators
Dec 4, 2002·Radiology·Wendelin K BlerschThilo Hölscher
Dec 14, 2002·The American Journal of Cardiology·Paul A TunickUNKNOWN NYU Atheroma Group
Jan 4, 2003·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Alessandro PezziniAlessandro Padovani
Feb 27, 2003·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·G P AnzolaG Parrinello
Aug 2, 2003·Annals of Neurology·Oh Young BangKyoon Huh
Feb 19, 2004·The American Journal of Cardiology·Hitoshi AnzaiJonathan M Tobis
Mar 30, 2004·Annals of Neurology·Kazuo Kitagawa
Jun 23, 2004·Lancet Neurology·Malcolm R MacleodGeoffrey A Donnan
Aug 18, 2004·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Stephan WindeckerBernhard Meier

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 26, 2009·Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie·C EitelC Piorkowski
Jan 19, 2013·Molecular Pharmaceutics·Katie L CiesienskiPeter Caravan
Mar 15, 2011·Epidemiology·Martin J O'DonnellUNKNOWN Investigators of the Registry of Canadian Stroke Network
Jun 4, 2011·Journal of Child Neurology·Frank R SharpDazhi Liu
Sep 18, 2012·PloS One·Suk Jae KimOh Young Bang
Dec 20, 2013·Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine·Hardik Amin, David M Greer
Jan 18, 2012·Internal and Emergency Medicine·Giorgia ManinaMaurizio Paciaroni
Oct 31, 2013·EuroIntervention : Journal of EuroPCR in Collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology·Volker RudolphOlaf Franzen
Jan 22, 2011·Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports·Katie L Ciesienski, Peter Caravan
May 6, 2014·The Annals of Thoracic Surgery·Jihang KimCheong Lim
Apr 29, 2015·International Journal of Cardiology·Maurizio AcampaGiuseppe Martini
Mar 1, 2011·Neurología : publicación oficial de la Sociedad Española de Neurología·A ArauzF Barinagarrementeria
Dec 17, 2015·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Yuji UenoNobutaka Hattori
Jan 16, 2009·International Journal of Cardiology·Karin M HenrikssonNils Edvardsson
May 3, 2013·Neurological Research·Christopher Cox, Frank R Sharp
Jul 18, 2015·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Bjørn Strøier LarsenAhmad Sajadieh
Dec 3, 2014·American Heart Journal·Emer R McGrathMartin J O'Donnell
Jun 25, 2016·Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology·Anand M PrabhakarRahmi Oklu
Oct 27, 2016·Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine·Marcella JorfidaFiorenzo Gaita
Nov 30, 2010·European Journal of Echocardiography : the Journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology·Jin Oh NaYoung-Hoon Kim
Feb 13, 2016·European Journal of Preventive Cardiology·Jörg BurkowitzBernd Brüggenjürgen
Aug 27, 2014·Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/hemostasis : Official Journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis·Amparo VayáDaniel Bautista
Sep 22, 2010·International Journal of Stroke : Official Journal of the International Stroke Society·Lonneke M L de LauDiederik W J Dippel
Oct 21, 2017·Dalton Transactions : an International Journal of Inorganic Chemistry·Bruno L Oliveira, Peter Caravan
Jun 29, 2018·Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH·S J HendersonP Y Kim
Aug 15, 2015·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Francesco BlasiPeter Caravan
Jul 31, 2014·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Jae-Young SeoMin Su Hyon
May 21, 2016·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Tobias Boeckh-BehrensHolger Poppert
Jun 23, 2009·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Marta AltieriGian Luigi Lenzi
Feb 28, 2009·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Anetta UndasWiesława Tracz
Jun 19, 2019·Internal Medicine Journal·Pakeeran SiriratnamRamesh Sahathevan
Aug 31, 2020·Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI·Kelly JarvisMichael Markl
Mar 19, 2016·Translational Stroke Research·Seong-Ho Koh, Hyun-Hee Park
Jan 1, 2015·Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·S K YevtushenkoI S Yevtushenko
Feb 12, 2021·Journal of Surgical Case Reports·Jonathon N Holt

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Atherosclerosis Disease Progression

Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque on artery walls, causing stenosis which can eventually lead to clinically apparent cardiovascular disease. Find the latest research on atherosclerosis disease progression here.