Cryptosporidiosis in Washington State: an outbreak associated with well water

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
M S DworkinB L Herwaldt

Abstract

In 1994, an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in a rural community in Washington State where water was supplied by two deep unchlorinated wells. Confirmed case-patients had a stool specimen containing Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. Probable case-patients had diarrhea lasting > or = 5 days. Sixty-two households (68.1% of 91) responded to a survey. Eighty-six cases (15 confirmed, 71 probable) were identified, for an attack rate of 50.9% (86/169 residents). Drinking unboiled well water was associated with being a case-patient (relative risk, 1.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.89-3.82), and a significant dose-response relationship was found between water consumption and illness (P = .004). Water that was presumed to be treated wastewater from a piped irrigation system was found dripping along one well's outer casing, which was extensively rusted. Presumptive Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in well water and in treated wastewater. This investigation demonstrates that even underground water systems are vulnerable to contamination.

Citations

Dec 13, 2000·International Journal for Parasitology·R FayerS J Upton
Mar 20, 2001·Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology·J W PriestP J Lammie
Mar 4, 2000·Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology·J W PriestP J Lammie
Jul 14, 1999·Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease·C Franzen, A Müller
Sep 8, 2006·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Kristin E SearcyThomas Harter
Jun 27, 2001·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·M S IslamR R Colwell
Mar 7, 2006·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Kristin E SearcyThomas Harter
Oct 15, 2013·Ground Water·Erika K WallenderJoan M Brunkard
Aug 18, 2004·Public Health Reports·Christian Setzer, Marisa Elena Domino
Oct 15, 2003·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Jeffrey W PriestMichael A J Ferguson
Jun 19, 2004·Journal of Bacteriology·Jimmy S JakobsenDale Kaiser

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.