Crystal-induced inflammation of the kidneys: results from human studies, animal models, and tissue-culture studies

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
Saeed R Khan

Abstract

Calcium oxalate (CaOx), calcium phosphate (CaP), and uric acid or urate are the most common crystals seen in the kidneys. Most of the crystals evoke an inflammatory response leading to fibrosis, loss of nephrons, and eventually to chronic renal failure. Of the three, CaOx monohydrate is the most reactive, whereas some forms of CaP do not evoke any discernible response. Reactive oxygen species are produced during the interactions between the crystals and renal cells and are responsible for the various cellular responses. CaOx crystals generally form in the renal tubules. Exposure of renal epithelial cells to CaOx crystals results in the increased synthesis of osteopontin, bikunin, heparan sulfate, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and prostaglandin (PG) E2, which are known to participate in inflammatory processes and in extracellular matrix production. CaOx crystal deposition in rat kidneys also activates the renin-angiotensin system. Both Ox and CaOx crystals selectively activate p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in exposed tubular cells. CaP crystals can form in the tubular lumen, tubular cells, or tubular basement membrane. Renal epithelial cells exposed to brushite crystals produce MCP-1. Basic CaP and ca...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 6, 2010·Urological Research·Jau-Ling SuenYii-Her Chou
Jul 27, 2010·Urological Research·Saeed R Khan
Dec 17, 2010·Urological Research·Saeed R Khan, Patricia A Glenton
Oct 22, 2008·Journal of Endourology·Jocelyn M RiederGary C Bellman
Nov 14, 2013·Journal of Endourology·Sri SivalingamKristina L Penniston
Nov 17, 2010·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Saeed R KhanKaren J Byer
Mar 8, 2011·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Jian ZuoSaeed R Khan
Dec 1, 2005·Kidney International·Mike L GreenMarguerite Hatch
Jul 2, 2010·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Yan LiuXue-Ru Wu
Dec 12, 2012·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Shrikant R MulayHans-Joachim Anders
Jun 27, 2007·Journal of Medical Case Reports·Stephen I Rifkin
Oct 1, 2011·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Marcelo S SampaioKamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
Apr 2, 2011·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Szu-Chia ChenHung-Chun Chen
Feb 15, 2014·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Nilufer GöknarEmel Torun
Nov 15, 2005·Urological Research·C F VerkoelenC H Bangma
Jul 16, 2014·Urolithiasis·Wipawee KittikowitPiyaratana Tosukhowong
Dec 3, 2014·Chemico-biological Interactions·Sarmistha SahaAnupama Pandrangi
Jun 11, 2011·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Rose AyoobAndrew Schwaderer
Nov 15, 2005·Urological Research·Julie A JonassenMadelyn Schmidt
Jan 25, 2006·Urological Research·Yoshihide OgawaMotofumi Hattori
Jun 2, 2007·Urological Research·Chanchai BoonlaPiyaratana Tosukhowong
Nov 6, 2012·Urological Research·Kenjiro KohriKazumi Taguchi
Feb 20, 2016·Urology·Larisa KovacevicYegappan Lakshmanan
Jan 10, 2016·Chemico-biological Interactions·Sakdithep ChaiyaritVisith Thongboonkerd
Feb 26, 2013·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·Yasuo KohjimotoIsao Hara
Nov 10, 2012·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Lvyi ChenXukun Deng
Nov 1, 2013·Kidney International·Christian Kurts
Sep 22, 2006·Kidney International·D Milliner
Feb 4, 2012·Actas urologicas españolas·J Carrasco-ValienteM J Requena-Tapia
Nov 4, 2010·Archives of Medical Research·Bülent GögebakanAbdullah T Demiryürek
Nov 3, 2010·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Cui WangChengming Zeng

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
Tohru UmekawaSaeed R Khan
Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
Jian ZuoSaeed R Khan
Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
Tohru UmekawaSaeed R Khan
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved