Crystalline silica induces apoptosis in human endothelial cells in vitro

Cell Biology and Toxicology
L SantarelliM Governa

Abstract

We investigated whether incubation of cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) with crystalline silica at the concentration 1 cm2/ml (chosen on the basis of a pilot experiment) leads to alterations typical of apoptosis. The binding of annexin V as early, and DNA fragmentation as late events of apoptosis were measured besides the number of cells with depolarized mitochondria. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by HAEC in presence of silica was determined as well as silica ability to in vitro generate hydroxyl radicals was investigated. After 18 h of silica incubation, about 30% of viable cells bound annexin V. After 24 h of silica treatment, the percentage of cells with fragmented DNA (Tunel positive) was 27% and it increased up to 50% after 48 h, whereas in untreated cells this percentage was 7% and 11% after 24 and 48 h, respectively. The presence of fragmented DNA in cells treated with silica was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. In agreement with these results showing an induction of HAEC apoptosis by silica incubation, the number of cells with depolarized mitochondria was significantly higher after silica treatment as compared to the control. Apoptosis was also obtained with silica added to aliquo...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 19, 2013·Apoptosis : an International Journal on Programmed Cell Death·Gaurav N Joshi, David A Knecht
Apr 15, 2010·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Raymond J LangleyMohan L Sopori
Dec 21, 2013·Dental Materials : Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials·Joachim VolkWerner Geurtsen
Jan 30, 2008·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Raymond F HamiltonAndrij Holian
Nov 6, 2009·Free Radical Research·Peter MøllerSteffen Loft
May 16, 2009·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Carla FanizzaDelia Cavallo
Mar 5, 2013·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Pius JosephRajendran Sellamuthu
Oct 25, 2016·Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology·Jingjin YangChunhui Ni

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis