Culturable associated-bacteria of the sponge Theonella swinhoei show tolerance to high arsenic concentrations

Frontiers in Microbiology
Ray KerenMicha Ilan

Abstract

Sponges are potent filter feeders and as such are exposed to high fluxes of toxic trace elements, which can accumulate in their body over time. Such is the case of the Red Sea sponge Theonella swinhoei, which has been shown to accumulate up to 8500 mg/Kg of the highly toxicelement arsenic. T. swinhoei is known to harbor a multitude of sponge-associated bacteria, so it is hypothesized that the associated-bacteria will be tolerant to high arsenic concentration. This study also investigates the fate of the arsenic accumulated in the sponge to test if the associated-bacteria have an important role in the arsenic accumulation process of their host, since bacteria are key players in the natural arsenic cycle. Separation of the sponge to sponge cells and bacteria enriched fractions showed that arsenic is accumulated by the bacteria. Sponge-associated, arsenic-tolerant bacteria were cultured in the presence of 5 mM of either arsenate or arsenite (equivalent to 6150 mg/Kg arsenic, dry weight). The 54 isolated bacteria were grouped to 15 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and isolates belonging to 12 OTUs were assessed for tolerance to arsenate at increased concentrations up to 100 mM. Eight of the 12 OTUs tolerated an order of magnitude...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 4, 2015·Gene·Hayedeh BehzadTakashi Gojobori
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May 23, 2021·Biophysical Journal·Tapomoy BhattacharjeeSujit S Datta
Jul 26, 2021·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Shani ShohamMicha Ilan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
Precipitation

Software Mentioned

Mothur
FinchTV©
BLAST
EzTaxon
lmPerm
R R Development Core Team

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