Current and potential agents for the treatment of alopecia areata

Current Pharmaceutical Design
Pia Freyschmidt-PaulK J McElwee

Abstract

Alopecia areata is considered to be a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease of the hair follicle. Current immunosuppressive approaches and immunomodulatory treatment with contact sensitizers such as diphenylcyclopropenone and squaric acid dibutylester are dealt with in this review article. The efficacy of the various modes of treatment is evaluated by a review of literature and their mode of action is discussed. In accordance with the mechanism of autoimmune pathogenesis of AA, improved future treatments may be immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory, or they should otherwise protect the hair follicle from the injurious effects of the inflammation. Such possible future therapeutic approaches include the use of liposomes as an improved vehicle, application of immunosuppressive cytokines like TGF-beta and IL-10, inhibition of apoptosis mediated by the Fas-FasL system, inhibition of the lymphocyte homing receptor CD44v10, induction of tolerance as well as principles of gene therapy.

Citations

Aug 5, 2003·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. Symposium Proceedings·Kevin J McElweeRolf Hoffmann
Aug 5, 2003·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. Symposium Proceedings·Pia Freyschmidt-PaulRolf Hoffmann
Jun 29, 2005·Dermatology : International Journal for Clinical and Investigative Dermatology·Kevin J McElweeJerry Shapiro
May 19, 2006·Dermatology : International Journal for Clinical and Investigative Dermatology·Masahiro KurosawaSetsuya Aiba
May 29, 2007·Archives of Dermatological Research·Tomasz WasyłyszynStanisław Leopold Zabielski
Nov 10, 2015·Expert Review of Clinical Immunology·Hongwei GuoKevin McElwee
Mar 11, 2005·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Georgann A Poulos, Paradi Mirmirani
Oct 30, 2003·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. Symposium Proceedings·Vera H Price
Jul 14, 2004·Skinmed·Katharina WiedemeyeerChristoph LOser
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Jan 5, 2011·Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine·Mostafa Mokhtar KamelHanan Hamdy M Attia
Jan 1, 2005·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·Rudolf Happle
Mar 11, 2004·Clinical and Experimental Immunology·M ZöllerR Hoffmann
Jul 19, 2020·Experimental Dermatology·Marta BertoliniRalf Paus

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