Current approaches and perspectives in the medical treatment of diabetic retinopathy

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Massimo Porta, Attilio Allione

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of visual loss in industrialized countries. Its classification includes preclinical, nonproliferative (mild, moderate, and severe or preproliferative diabetic retinopathy) and proliferative stages (low risk, high risk, and advanced). Diabetic maculopathy (exudative, edematous, or ischemic) may be associated with either nonproliferative or proliferative retinopathy. Prevention requires the tightest possible control of both blood glucose and blood pressure. Laser photocoagulation remains the only procedure recommended for severe nonproliferative or proliferative retinopathy and maculopathy. Since it reduces legal blindness by more than 90% in proliferative retinopathy and prevents severe sight loss in diabetic maculopathy, photocoagulation is probably one of the most effective forms of treatment known today. Less destructive approaches are desirable, however, and those currently under phase 3 trial include blockade of angiotensin receptors, the beta-isoform of protein kinase C, and growth hormone secretion by long-acting analogues of somatostatin. Evidence from past randomized controlled studies does not support a role for inhibitors of platelet aggregation, aldose reductase, and advanced g...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1991·Eye·G S Schultz, M B Grant
Jan 1, 1994·Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology·J M van GervenJ A van Best
Mar 1, 1995·American Journal of Ophthalmology·B E KleinS E Moss
Sep 30, 1993·The New England Journal of Medicine·UNKNOWN Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research GroupC Siebert
Mar 25, 1996·Archives of Internal Medicine·R KleinS E Moss
Mar 1, 1996·Diabetes Care·D GiuglianoG Paolisso
Dec 31, 1997·BMJ : British Medical Journal·E Chantelau, E M Kohner
Mar 31, 1998·Diabetes·M MizutaniM Lorenzi
Aug 26, 1999·The New England Journal of Medicine·F L FerrisL M Aiello
Sep 21, 2000·Kidney International. Supplement·T NishikawaM Brownlee
Feb 24, 2001·Diabetes Care·N ChaturvediUNKNOWN EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study
Feb 28, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·V StellmachN Bouck
Mar 29, 2001·Diabetologia·R SinghL Beilin
Mar 29, 2001·Diabetologia·C TrautnerM Berger
Jan 17, 2002·Diabetologia·M PortaUNKNOWN EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study Group
May 22, 2002·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·UNKNOWN Writing Team for the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Resea
Jul 30, 2002·Diabetes Care·Hendrik A van LeidenBettine C P Polak
Nov 2, 2002·Hypertension·Arya M SharmaFriedrich C Luft

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 20, 2005·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·E Stefánsson
Mar 29, 2014·Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association·L MohsenH Aly
May 5, 2011·European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : Official Journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Für Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik E.V·Jenifer MainsAndrew Urquhart
Nov 11, 2009·Ophthalmology·Chee-Tin Christine LeeAmanda I Adler
Apr 9, 2009·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Anna Vasilaki, Kyriaki Thermos
Feb 5, 2008·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Davide CerviaPaola Bagnoli
Dec 24, 2014·European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : Official Journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Für Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik E.V·Joana F FangueiroEliana B Souto
May 8, 2014·Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society·Mousa Ahmadpour-KachoYadollah Zahed Pasha
Feb 7, 2008·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·C C Lopes de JesusV F Moça Trevisani
Oct 16, 2018·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Eliane C JorgeRegina El Dib
Jun 24, 2006·Current Opinion in Ophthalmology·John O MasonRachel Vail
Apr 27, 2007·Korean Journal of Ophthalmology : KJO·Yong Jae Cha, Sung Jin Kim
Apr 18, 2009·Journal of Computational Chemistry·Jagdish C Patra, Onkar Singh
Aug 12, 2009·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Anusha Yasvantrai Sukha, Alan Rubin
Aug 25, 2006·Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association·C L BlancoA K Gong
Aug 2, 2005·Treatments in Endocrinology·Ricardo P GarayCarlo Chiavaroli
Sep 27, 2005·Arquivos brasileiros de endocrinologia e metabologia·Adriana BoscoAntônio Rodrigues Ferreira

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Arterial-Venous in Development & Disease

Arterial-venous development may play a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases. Here is the latest research.

Birth Defects

Birth defects encompass structural and functional alterations that occur during embryonic or fetal development and are present since birth. The cause may be genetic, environmental or unknown and can result in physical and/or mental impairment. Here is the latest research on birth defects.

Antihypertensive Agents: Mechanisms of Action

Antihypertensive drugs are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) which aims to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Discover the latest research on antihypertensive drugs and their mechanism of action here.

Blood Brain Barrier

The blood brain barrier is a border that separates blood from cerebrospinal fluid. Discover the latest search on this highly selective semipermeable membrane here.

Related Papers

Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association
A K Sjølie, F Møller
The New England Journal of Medicine
Einar Stefánsson
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved