Current practices in the instruction of lifestyle medicine in medical curricula.

Patient Education and Counseling
Magdalena PasaricaSpencer Lessans

Abstract

A review of current practices of educational interventions for lifestyle medicine was performed to inform the design of interventions with long-term goals of improving patient outcomes. Systematic review of PubMed, MedEdPORTAL, and Cochrane using keywords "lifestyle medicine," "education," "medical students," and "medical school" was done by 3 independent reviewers. Location, learner, curricular hours, focus, outcomes, and impact are reported. Of 452 identified citations, 32 met criteria. Most studies (81%) were conducted in the U.S. and designed for medical students (72%). Studies focused primarily on nutrition (78%) and exercise (59%). Curricula were delivered on average across 13.7 h. Lectures were used in 53% of papers. The outcomes most commonly studied were satisfaction (66%,), knowledge perception (66%), and reported clinical practices (34%). Intervention impact at level 2b (31%) and level 3 (34%) were most common. Medical educators looking to integrate lifestyle education curriculum should consider current resources as a starting point, especially ones with higher outcome measurements. Novel interventions should target lifestyle medicine competencies with equitable distribution among learners using active learning appro...Continue Reading

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