Current treatment strategies for patients with advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs)

Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology
Inbal Uri, Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg

Abstract

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare neoplasms, with an estimated annual incidence of ~ 6.9/100,000. NETs arise throughout the body from cells of the diffuse endocrine system. More than half originate from endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract and the pancreas, thus being referred to as gastroenteropancreatic NETs (GEP NETs). The only treatment that offers a cure is surgery, however most patients are diagnosed with metastatic disease, and curative surgery is usually not an option.Since the majority of patients are not candidate for curative surgery, they can be offered long-term systemic treatment, for both symptomatic relief and tumor growth suppression. Evidence based treatment options include somatostatin analogues, everolimus (an mTOR inhibitor), sunitinib (a tyrosine kinase inhibitor), peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), chemotherapy, etc., alone or combined with cytoreductive procedures (surgery or liver directed procedures). However, there is an increasing need for novel therapies. Other treatment options being investigated are immunotherapy and epigenetic assessment that may lead to more personalized interventions. Following first line therapy with somatostatin analogues, there is no clear information...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 6, 2018·Nature Reviews. Clinical Oncology·Guido Rindi, Bertram Wiedenmann
Apr 30, 2019·Endocrine Connections·Giulia BrescianiTeresa Gagliano
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May 24, 2019·Neuroendocrinology·Hao XieThorvardur R Halfdanarson

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
surgical resection

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02113800
NCT02248012
NCT01824875

Software Mentioned

CAPTEM
CLARINET
PROMID

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