Current understanding of microbiota- and dietary-therapies for treating inflammatory bowel disease

The Journal of Microbiology
Taekil EomTatsuya Unno

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a result of chronic inflammation caused, in some part, by dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota, mainly commensal bacteria. Gut dysbiosis can be caused by multiple factors, including abnormal immune responses which might be related to genetic susceptibility, infection, western dietary habits, and administration of antibiotics. Consequently, the disease itself is characterized as having multiple causes, etiologies, and severities. Recent studies have identified >200 IBD risk loci in the host. It has been postulated that gut microbiota interact with these risk loci resulting in dysbiosis, and this subsequently leads to the development of IBD. Typical gut microbiota in IBD patients are characterized with decrease in species richness and many of the commensal, and beneficial, fecal bacteria such as Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and an increase or bloom of Proteobacteria. However, at this time, cause and effect relationships have not been rigorously established. While treatments of IBD usually includes medications such as corticosteroids, 5-aminosalicylates, antibiotics, immunomodulators, and anti-TNF agents, restoration of gut dysbiosis seems to be a safer and more sustainable approach. Bacteriothera...Continue Reading

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Mar 2, 2018·The Journal of Microbiology·Woojun Park
Jun 5, 2018·Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology·Luca MognaFrancesca Deidda
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Oct 27, 2021·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Yan GengZheng-Hong Xu

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