Abstract
Atypical mycobacteria are environmental saprophytes. Occasionally they may enter human skin through injuries and cause localized infection. Papules, nodules, plaques, ulcers and panniculitis-like lesions are common manifestations. Disseminated infection occurs in immunocompromised patients. Evidence of mycobacterial infection can be obtained by tissue specimens, culture being most important for diagnosis. Because many mycobacteria only grow on special media and at special temperatures it is crucial that clinical suspicion is raised so correct testing is performed. Buruli ulcer caused by M. ulcerans is the most prevalent atypical mycobacteriosis worldwide; its occurrence is restricted to tropical areas. In European countries fish tank granuloma caused by M. marinum is most commonly observed. M. avium-complex, M. kansasii und rapidly growing mycobacteria of M. fortuitum-complex are other atypical mycobacteria that can cause cutaneous infection. Treatment is difficult because many atypical mycobacteria are resistant to common antibiotics.
References
Jul 11, 1992·Lancet·E C BöttgerB Hirschel
Aug 11, 1992·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·R J WallaceG O Onyi
Apr 1, 1990·Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi·T Mori
Feb 8, 1985·The American Journal of Medicine·J D Allan, R C Moellering
Feb 1, 1996·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·J O MattilaM L Katila
Apr 1, 1997·International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology·J P Euzéby
Oct 9, 1998·The British Journal of Dermatology·C ChoonhakarnP Mootsikapun
May 8, 1999·Clinical and Experimental Dermatology·P EscalonillaL Requena
Sep 3, 1999·Journal of Cutaneous Pathology·N LiJ Bhawan
May 3, 2000·Dermatologic Clinics·S WeitzulA G Pandya
Jun 10, 2000·International Journal of Dermatology·P AngC L Goh
Sep 15, 2000·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·J A Jernigan, B M Farr
Aug 3, 2002·Archives of Internal Medicine·Alexandra AubryEmmanuelle Cambau
Jan 1, 1959·The Medical Clinics of North America·E H RUNYON
Dec 2, 2004·Dermatologic Therapy·Reena Jogi, Stephen K Tyring
Feb 24, 2006·Environment International·Alfred A DukerMartin Hale
Apr 25, 2006·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Vinciane SizaireFrançoise Portaels
Jun 7, 2006·Lancet·Mark Wansbrough-Jones, Richard Phillips
Citations
Mar 6, 2013·HIV/AIDS : Research and Palliative Care·J Alexander ViehmanRamy Magdy Hanna
Apr 11, 2014·Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal·Farhang BabamahmoodiBabak Nikkhahan
Mar 23, 2011·Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift für Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete·P NenoffW Handrick
Mar 26, 2011·Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift für Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete·C HerzmannC Lange
Aug 23, 2008·Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases·Andrea WitteckKatia Boggian
Jun 21, 2011·Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica·Antònia Galmés-TruyolsMikel Ruiz-Veramendi
Sep 14, 2010·Microbes and Infection·Denise BambergerThomas Efferth
Jun 21, 2016·La Revue de médecine interne·C Velter, D Lipsker
Sep 20, 2019·PloS One·Abdolmajid FataShadi Rahmani
Feb 11, 2021·Immunological Reviews·Gül KilinçMariëlle C Haks