Cyano-tryptophans as dual infrared and fluorescence spectroscopic labels to assess structural dynamics in proteins

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
Luuk J G W van WilderenJens Bredenbeck

Abstract

The steady state and time-resolved fluorescence and infrared (IR) properties of 4- and 5-cyanotryptophan (CNTrp) are investigated and compared, and the tryptophan (Trp) analogs are found to be very attractive to study structural and dynamic properties of proteins. The position of the nitrile substitution as well as the solvent environment influences the spectroscopic properties (solvatochromism). Similar to native Trp, electronic (nanosecond) lifetime and emission spectra are modulated by the environment, making CNTrps attractive fluorescent probes to study the structural dynamics of proteins in complex media. The nitrile absorption in the IR region can provide local structural information as it responds sensitively to changes in electrostatics and hydrogen bond (HB) interactions. Importantly, we find that 4CNTrp exhibits a single absorption in the nitrile stretch region, while the model compound 4CN-indole (4CNI) shows two. Even though the spectrum of the model compound is perturbed by a Fermi resonance, we find that 4CNTrp itself is a useful IR label. Moreover, if the nitrile group is substituted at the 5 position, the Trp analog predominantly reports on its HB status. Because the current literature on similar compounds is to...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 13, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Ismail A AhmedFeng Gai
Jun 22, 2019·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Marie-Luise HebestreitMichael Schmitt
May 25, 2021·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Arusha AcharyyaFeng Gai
Aug 4, 2021·The Journal of Chemical Physics·Megan C Thielges

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