Cyclic morphological changes in the beagle mammary gland

Toxicologic Pathology
Sundeep A ChandraRick R Adler

Abstract

Interpretation of chemical-induced effects on the female beagle mammary gland can be difficult owing to the wide variation of normal glandular morphology. In this retrospective study, morphological features of the gland in four (proestrus, estrus, diestrus, and anestrus) phases of the cycle are described. The gland was quiescent (inactive) in proestrus and estrus. In diestrus, with the rise of progesterone, four (I-IV) distinct morphological changes were evident. In phase I, there was exuberant stromal and ductal proliferation. In phase II, there was early lobular development with branching ducts and alveolar proliferation. In phase III, there was an abundance of glandular tissue with large lobules containing secretory material, whereas phase IV had features of early regression, increased interlobular connective tissue, and eosinophilic secretions in distended ducts and acini. In early anestrus, ducts were distended, with eosinophilic secretions with alveolar regression, whereas regression was complete in late anestrus. Glandular morphology was slightly variable in the mammary chain within the same dog. Progesterone receptor expression was prominent in estrus and early diestrus, and peak estrogen receptor expression was noted i...Continue Reading

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Jan 8, 2009·Toxicologic Pathology·Sundeep A Chandra, Rick R Adler

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Citations

Dec 22, 2015·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·V M KristiansenK U Sørenmo
Dec 18, 2014·BMC Veterinary Research·Silvia Guil-LunaJuana Martín de Las Mulas
Dec 16, 2017·Birth Defects Research·Susan B LaffanJustin D Vidal
Nov 19, 2020·Reproduction in Domestic Animals = Zuchthygiene·Iosif VasiuAsta Tvarijonaviciute

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