Cytokine profile in gingival crevicular fluid of aggressive periodontitis: influence of smoking and stress

Journal of Clinical Periodontology
Joanna J KammaAndrea Mombelli

Abstract

Cigarette smoking and stress are considered risk factors that have been associated with periodontal disease progression. Conflicting results have been reported concerning the direct influence of smoking on the subgingival microbiota of periodontitis patients. Cytokine production may also be influenced by smoking and stress leading to an imbalance that disturbs the host-parasite relationship. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoking on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-8 in aggressive or early onset periodontitis (EOP) patients and in healthy controls (H), psychosocial stress being considered as modifying factor. Sixty-five EOP and 35 periodontally healthy individuals participated in this cross-sectional study. All the participants were interviewed about their smoking habits and their stressful social events. Clinical examination included the assessment of plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD). GCF was collected using durapore strips, from four sites per patient, randomly selected in each quadrant. The total amounts of IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-8 were measured...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 23, 2010·Tobacco Induced Diseases·Miki Ojima, Takashi Hanioka
Aug 3, 2006·Journal of Periodontology·Liran LevinMalka Ashkenazi
May 11, 2010·Journal of Periodontology·Bruno RescalaCarlos Marcelo Figueredo
Jul 15, 2009·Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo·Sasa Cakić
Mar 25, 2016·Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry·Kishore Kumar KaturiRavindranath Dhulipalla
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Jan 12, 2007·Periodontology 2000·Mark I Ryder
Jan 15, 2008·Journal of Clinical Periodontology·Jamal M SteinStefan Reichert
Mar 24, 2006·Journal of Clinical Periodontology·L HeasmanP A Heasman
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Feb 14, 2009·International Journal of Dental Hygiene·R Al-HabashnehD Q Taani
Oct 10, 2006·European Journal of Oral Sciences·João B César-NetoFrancisco H Nociti
Aug 8, 2006·Journal of Clinical Periodontology·Nobuko NishidaSatoshi Shizukuishi
Aug 14, 2012·Journal of Oral Rehabilitation·A AkcaliN Buduneli
Jan 5, 2011·Journal of Clinical Periodontology·Keelen D TymkiwJanet M Guthmiller
Jan 14, 2011·Journal of Clinical Periodontology·Noriyoshi MizunoHidemi Kurihara
Dec 11, 2013·Periodontology 2000·Annsofi JohannsenAnders Gustafsson
Jun 28, 2005·Dental Clinics of North America·Mario TabaWilliam V Giannobile
Jan 22, 2008·FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology·Asako MakinoTetsuo Kato

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