Cytokine regulation of chemical sensitization

Toxicology Letters
I KimberR J Dearman

Abstract

The skin is an immunologically active tissue. Epidermal cells, both keratinocytes and Langerhans cells (LC), produce constitutively or can be stimulated to produce a variety of cytokines, many of which play important roles in the induction and regulation of allergic responses to sensitizing chemicals. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) provides the signal for LC migration from the skin and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin 1 (IL-1) and other cytokines effect the functional maturation of LC and their acquisition of immunostimulatory potential. The initial stimulus for induced or increased epidermal cytokine production derives from chemical exposure, or some other form of skin trauma. However, some epidermal cytokines are regulated in paracrine or autocrine fashion by other cytokines produced locally. The availability of epidermal cytokines has a major impact on the induction of sensitization and on the characteristics of immune responses to chemical allergens.

References

Dec 1, 1992·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·I Kimber, M Cumberbatch
Feb 1, 1992·Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology·R J Dearman, I Kimber
Feb 15, 1992·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A H Enk, S I Katz
Jan 1, 1989·International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology·D A JonesI Kimber
Mar 1, 1988·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·M LotzD A Carson
Aug 1, 1993·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·C Reis e SousaJ M Austyn
Jul 1, 1993·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·I Kimber

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Citations

Aug 24, 1999·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·I KimberD A Basketter
Mar 5, 1998·Toxicology Letters·M BanP Bonnet
Nov 19, 2002·Clinics in Dermatology·Ronni WolfVincenzo Ruocco
Jul 25, 2000·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·J S PichowskiI Kimber
Sep 22, 2001·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·A C De SmedtG E Schoeters
Sep 1, 1997·American Journal of Contact Dermatitis : Official Journal of the American Contact Dermatitis Society·M R HollidayI Kimber
Mar 29, 2000·The British Journal of Dermatology·I KimberC E Griffiths
Aug 22, 2000·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology·L Zhang, S S Tinkle
Oct 5, 2007·Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·Behazine Combadière, Brice Mahé
Jul 31, 2007·Dermatologic Clinics·James J Nordlund
Jul 8, 2014·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·Jochem W van der VeenHenk van Loveren
May 7, 2013·Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology·Sebastian ZinglerBjörn Ludwig
Jul 16, 2014·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·Serom LeeMartin Yarmush
May 11, 2012·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·Catherine M RogersKevin M Shakesheff

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