Cytomegalovirus Disease in the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Era

Current Infectious Disease Reports
William Lawrence Drew

Abstract

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in AIDS patients. Epidemiologic studies indicate that until 10 years ago, nearly one half of HIV-infected patients eventually developed CMV end-organ disease, including chorioretinitis, esophagitis, colitis, pneumonia, and central nervous system disease. Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) this incidence has declined dramatically. Nonetheless, patients still present with CMV disease and resistance or intolerance to HAART does develop, which may give rise to a resurgence of CMV syndromes in AIDS patients. Until recently, only intravenous ganciclovir and foscarnet were available for management of CMV infection. With the advent of additional agents, clinicians now face the challenge of optimizing therapy for individual patients. This paper reviews the most common clinical syndromes caused by CMV, the treatment options, as well as an approach to diagnosing and treating antiviral resistance.

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Citations

Aug 1, 2013·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Nathan FordDavid Heiden
Feb 22, 2005·Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology·Jon D Reuter
Feb 4, 2012·Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology·Fabio BenziRoberto Biassoni
Oct 8, 2016·Reviews in Medical Virology·Helene Ladefoged GrønborgChristian Wejse
Mar 2, 2017·Diagnostic Cytopathology·Rafael Martínez-Girón, Liron Pantanowitz
Feb 25, 2005·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·C Gilbert, G Boivin

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