Cytomegalovirus distribution and evolution in hominines

Virus Evolution
Sripriya MurthySébastien Calvignac-Spencer

Abstract

Herpesviruses are thought to have evolved in very close association with their hosts. This is notably the case for cytomegaloviruses (CMVs; genus Cytomegalovirus) infecting primates, which exhibit a strong signal of co-divergence with their hosts. Some herpesviruses are however known to have crossed species barriers. Based on a limited sampling of CMV diversity in the hominine (African great ape and human) lineage, we hypothesized that chimpanzees and gorillas might have mutually exchanged CMVs in the past. Here, we performed a comprehensive molecular screening of all 9 African great ape species/subspecies, using 675 fecal samples collected from wild animals. We identified CMVs in eight species/subspecies, notably generating the first CMV sequences from bonobos. We used this extended dataset to test competing hypotheses with various degrees of co-divergence/number of host switches while simultaneously estimating the dates of these events in a Bayesian framework. The model best supported by the data involved the transmission of a gorilla CMV to the panine (chimpanzee and bonobo) lineage and the transmission of a panine CMV to the gorilla lineage prior to the divergence of chimpanzees and bonobos, more than 800,000 years ago. Pan...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 21, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Mareike EilbrechtMirko Trilling
Apr 30, 2020·Microorganisms·Rachele CaglianiManuela Sironi
Mar 20, 2021·Scientific Reports·Hacène MedkourOleg Mediannikov
May 23, 2021·Briefings in Bioinformatics·Zhi-Luo DengAlice C McHardy

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AC146905
MF993535

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

Tracer
PhyML
BMCMC
LogCombiner
TreeMap
Gblocks
BEAST
ProtTest
RDP4
Muscle

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