Cytomegalovirus immune evasion of myeloid lineage cells

Medical Microbiology and Immunology
Melanie M BrinkmannLuka Čičin-Šain

Abstract

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) evades the immune system in many different ways, allowing the virus to grow and its progeny to spread in the face of an adverse environment. Mounting evidence about the antiviral role of myeloid immune cells has prompted the research of CMV immune evasion mechanisms targeting these cells. Several cells of the myeloid lineage, such as monocytes, dendritic cells and macrophages, play a role in viral control, but are also permissive for CMV and are naturally infected by it. Therefore, CMV evasion of myeloid cells involves mechanisms that qualitatively differ from the evasion of non-CMV-permissive immune cells of the lymphoid lineage. The evasion of myeloid cells includes effects in cis, where the virus modulates the immune signaling pathways within the infected myeloid cell, and those in trans, where the virus affects somatic cells targeted by cytokines released from myeloid cells. This review presents an overview of CMV strategies to modulate and evade the antiviral activity of myeloid cells in cis and in trans.

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Citations

Nov 4, 2016·Medical Microbiology and Immunology·Bodo Plachter
Jul 26, 2018·Current Protocols in Immunology·Ilija BrizićStipan Jonjić
Oct 20, 2019·Vaccines·Mario Alberto Ynga-DurandLuka Cicin-Sain
May 24, 2018·F1000Research·Frank CobelensHelen Fletcher
Sep 25, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Ellen BrissePatrick Matthys
Jun 6, 2018·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Gaëlle Picarda, Chris A Benedict
Feb 26, 2021·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Daria KveštakStipan Jonjić
Feb 12, 2021·Clinical Transplantation·Joanna M SchaenmanSteve W Cole
Jul 24, 2018·Current Opinion in Toxicology·Anthony M Franchini, B Paige Lawrence

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