Abstract
Metal tolerance has been found to vary among Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strains and this can impact the efficiency of biomining practices. To explain observed strain variability for differences in metal tolerance we examined the effects of Cu(2+) and Ni(2+) concentrations (1-200 mM) on cytoplasmic membrane properties of two A. ferrooxidans type strains (ATCC 23270 and 19859) and four strains isolated from AMD water around Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. Growth rate, membrane fluidity and phase, determined from the fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH), and fatty acid profiles indicated that three different modes of adaptation were present and could separate between strains showing moderate, or high metal tolerance from more sensitive strains. To compensate for the membrane ordering effects of the metals, significant remodelling of the membrane was used to either maintain homeoviscous adaptation in the moderately tolerant strains or to increase membrane fluidity in the sensitive strains. Shifts in the gel-to-liquid crystalline transition temperature in the moderately tolerant strains led to multiple phase transitions, increasing the potential for phase separation and compromised membrane integrity. The m...Continue Reading
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