Cytoplasmic staining of TTF-1 in the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma vs cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic carcinoma of the liver

American Journal of Clinical Pathology
Jun-Yi LeiJiaoti Huang

Abstract

The cytoplasmic staining of thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1 was analyzed in 86 liver resection specimens, including 40 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 4 metastatic HCC, 20 cholangiocarcinoma, 2 combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (CHC), and 20 metastatic carcinoma (MC) specimens with immunohistochemical stains to TTF-1, cytokeratin (CK)19, hepatocyte paraffin 1, alpha-fetoprotein, polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen, CK7, and CK20. TTF-1 cytoplasmic staining was identified in 93% of HCCs (37/40), 100% of metastatic HCCs (4/4), 10% of cholangiocarcinomas (2/20), and 5% of MCs (1/20). CK19 was positive in all cholangiocarcinomas and MCs but only in 5% of HCCs (2/40) and none of the metastatic HCCs (0/4). TTF-1 cytoplasmic staining positively correlates with differentiation and the trabecular growth pattern of HCC. The results suggest TTF-1 cytoplasmic staining, together with CK19, might serve as a useful marker for the diagnosis of primary and metastatic HCC and for the differential diagnosis of HCC from cholangiocarcinoma and MC. The mechanism of TTF-1 cytoplasmic staining is explored.

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Citations

Jul 31, 2007·Journal of Clinical Pathology·Tony Kiat-Hon LimPuay-Hoon Tan
Feb 5, 2008·Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc·Lena A KubbaMichael T Deavers
Jun 10, 2008·Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc·Nafis ShafizadehSanjay Kakar
Feb 1, 2008·Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics·Jun-Yi Lei, Jiaoti Huang
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Jun 13, 2020·Biotechnic & Histochemistry : Official Publication of the Biological Stain Commission·R García-GarzaA Soto-Domínguez

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