Cytosolic Nucleic Acid Sensors in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorders

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology
Shahanshah KhanMd Hasan Zaki

Abstract

Innate immunity employs germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to sense microbial pattern molecules. Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by various PPRs located on the cell membrane or in the cytosol leads to the activation of cell signaling pathways and production of inflammatory mediators. Nucleic acids including DNA, RNA, and their derivatives are potent PAMPs which can be recognized by multiple PRRs to induce inflammatory responses. While nucleic acid sensors can also sense endogenous nucleic acids, they are capable of discriminating self from non-self. However, defects in nucleic acid sensing PRRs or dysregulation of nucleic acid sensing signaling pathways may cause excessive activation of the immune system resulting in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review will discuss the major pathways for sensing intracellular nucleic acids and how defects in these nucleic acid sensing are associated with different kinds of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.

Citations

Jan 17, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Shahanshah Khan, Hasan Zaki
Jul 4, 2020·Giornale Italiano Di Dermatologia E Venereologia : Organo Ufficiale, Società Italiana Di Dermatologia E Sifilografia·Riccardo PapaMarco Gattorno
Feb 6, 2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Erika Huijser, Marjan A Versnel
Jun 5, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Roberto AmadioFederica Benvenuti
Jul 6, 2021·Drug Discovery Today·Frédéric De CeuninckPhilippe Moingeon
Aug 31, 2021·Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods·Na WangMin Zhao

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