Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) immunoreactivity is elevated in Alzheimer's disease brain

Neurobiology of Disease
D T StephensonJ A Clemens

Abstract

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is the key enzyme that initiates the arachidonic acid cascade, which leads to the generation of multiple eicosanoid products. Many of these products are believed to play an important role in the inflammatory process. Activation of PLA2 is observed under pathological conditions where inflammation is present. Cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) is activated by very low levels of calcium and is thought to control receptor-mediated eicosanoid production and to participate in intracellular signal transduction processes. In view of the presence of numerous inflammatory mediators and acute phase proteins in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain, localization of cPLA2 in AD brain was evaluated and compared to that observed in nonneurologically diseased controls. In this study, a monoclonal antibody raised against cPLA2 was used to immunostain tissue sections of human cerebral cortex. Five AD cases and six neurologically normal cases were evaluated in the occipital cortex and the cerebellum. Two of the AD cases were also examined in other cortical regions. Granular-like staining with anti-cPLA2 was found to be associated with astrocytes in the cortex of both control and AD cases. Colocalization with GFAP confirmed that cPLA2 imm...Continue Reading

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