Cytostatic drug removal using electrochemical oxidation with BDD electrode: Degradation pathway and toxicity

Water Research
E M SiedleckaA Pieczyńska

Abstract

In the presented study, electrochemical oxidation of five anticancer drugs (5-fluorouracil (5-FU), ifosfamide (IF), cyclophosphamide (CF), methotrexate (MTX), imatinib (IMB)) using boron doped diamond (BDD) electrode was investigated. In the first step the operating parameters of electrolysis were optimized. Studies have demonstrated a significant influence of applying current density, temperature, pH of solution and initial concentration of 5-FU on the process efficiency. A comparison of the decomposition rate of all the tested drugs showed a decrease in the pseudo-first order rate constants in the following order: k(IMB) > k(MTX) > k(CF) ≈ k(IF) > k(5-FU). Mineralization current efficiency (MCE) was determined for all the drugs based on the removal amount of total organic carbon (TOC) and their values decreased in the same order as values of drug degradation rate k. Based on the identified degradation products, electrochemical oxidation pathways of the decomposed drugs were proposed. In the case of CF, IF and 5-FU the degradation process occurred mainly through ketonization, hydroxylation and dehalogenation, while MTX and IMB were decomposed by attack of hydroxyl radicals on benzyl position in parent compounds. An important p...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 5, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Aleksandra PieczyńskaEwa M Siedlecka
Apr 19, 2020·Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation·Hua GuoWei Yan
Jun 17, 2020·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·Seema SartajSabir Khan
Jun 17, 2020·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·Dongtian MiaoLi Ma
Feb 25, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Meng ZhangZhaoyong Bian
Jan 6, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Morgana BosioRosa M Quinta-Ferreira
Jun 23, 2021·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules·Muhammad IkramSalamat Ali
Nov 30, 2021·Environmental Technology·Marquele Amorim TonhelaGeoffroy Roger Pointer Malpass

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