Cytotoxin-producing Klebsiella oxytoca in the preterm gut and its association with necrotizing enterocolitis.

Emerging Microbes & Infections
Sara PaveglioAdam P Matson

Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal inflammatory disease of premature infants associated with gut bacterial dysbiosis. Using 16S rRNA-based methods, our laboratory identified an unclassified Enterobacteriaceae sequence (NEC_unk_OTU) with high abundance in NEC fecal samples. We aimed to identify this bacterium and determine its potential role in the disease. NCBI database searches for the 16S sequence, selective culture systems, biotyping and polymerase chain reaction were employed to refine classification of NEC_unk_OTU and identify toxin-encoding genes from the index NEC case. Bacterial cytotoxin production was confirmed by mass spectrometry and apoptosis assays. Additional fecal samples from 9 NEC and 5 non-NEC controls were analyzed using similar methods and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to investigate clonal relationships and define sequence types of the isolates. NEC_unk_OTU was identified as Klebsiella oxytoca, a pathobiont known to cause antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis, but not previously linked to NEC. Including the index case, cytotoxin-producing strains of K. oxytoca were isolated from 6 of 10 subjects with NEC; in these, the K. oxytoca 16S sequence predominated the...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 4, 2021·Current Microbiology·Nakul NeogPankaj Chetia
Sep 15, 2021·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Theresa M GreimelKarl Martin Hoffmann

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA608440
CP001918
AY065648
HG425356

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
biotyping
light microscopy
flow cytometry
light
Cesarean

Software Mentioned

MEGAX
MUSLE

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis