Dairy pastoralism sustained eastern Eurasian steppe populations for 5,000 years.

Nature Ecology & Evolution
Shevan WilkinJessica Hendy

Abstract

Dairy pastoralism is integral to contemporary and past lifeways on the eastern Eurasian steppe, facilitating survival in agriculturally challenging environments. While previous research has indicated that ruminant dairy pastoralism was practiced in the region by circa 1300 BC, the origin, extent and diversity of this custom remain poorly understood. Here, we analyse ancient proteins from human dental calculus recovered from geographically diverse locations across Mongolia and spanning 5,000 years. We present the earliest evidence for dairy consumption on the eastern Eurasian steppe by circa 3000 BC and the later emergence of horse milking at circa 1200 BC, concurrent with the first evidence for horse riding. We argue that ruminant dairying contributed to the demographic success of Bronze Age Mongolian populations and that the origins of traditional horse dairy products in eastern Eurasia are closely tied to the regional emergence of mounted herding societies during the late second millennium BC.

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Citations

Mar 5, 2020·Nature Ecology & Evolution·Yimin Yang
Jan 29, 2021·Nature Communications·Madeleine BleasdaleNicole Boivin
Feb 2, 2021·Science Advances·Jessica Hendy
Feb 18, 2021·Journal of Proteome Research·Karren S PalmerMichael Buckley
Feb 23, 2021·Nature·Chuan-Chao WangDavid Reich
Apr 10, 2021·Scientific Reports·Abigail RamsøeCamilla Speller
Apr 10, 2021·Nature Human Behaviour·William T T TaylorSvetlana Shnaider
May 28, 2021·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Shuang Yang, Kaixiong Ye
Nov 7, 2020·Cell·Choongwon JeongChristina Warinner
Jul 14, 2021·Scientific Reports·William TaylorNicole Boivin
Jul 8, 2021·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Anne Kathrine W RungeCamilla Speller
Sep 17, 2021·Nature·Shevan WilkinNicole Boivin

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
deamidation
deamination

Software Mentioned

Mascot
MARGE
R
MS
MaxQuant 64
MSConvert
ProteoWizard
OxCal

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