Damage to the insula leads to decreased nicotine withdrawal during abstinence

Addiction
Amir AbdolahiEdwin van Wijngaarden

Abstract

Current pharmacotherapies for tobacco dependence are generally well tolerated, but have relatively high rates of relapse. They target primarily the brains' mesocorticolimbic 'reward' pathway. However, recent evidence suggests that the insular cortex, a central cerebral hemispheric region historically overlooked in addiction models, may also play an important role in cognitive and emotional processes that facilitate drug use. We examined whether insular versus non-insular damage from ischemic stroke attenuated acute withdrawal from cigarette smoking and reduced the likelihood of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) use during hospitalization. Data were derived from a longitudinal study with 3 months' follow-up, beginning June 2013 and ending May 2014. Three acute care hospitals in Rochester, NY, USA. One-hundred and fifty-six current smokers hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke (38 with insular infarctions and 118 with non-insular infarctions, assessed by three neuroradiologists). The Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale (WSWS) and Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) were administered during hospitalization (a period of forced abstinence) to assess the frequency and severity of withdrawal symptoms. NRT use was also assessed...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 21, 2015·Addictive Behaviors·Amir AbdolahiEdwin van Wijngaarden
Jul 19, 2016·Neurochemistry International·Yang ZhangJianhong Wang
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