De novo origins of multicellularity in response to predation.

Scientific Reports
Matthew D HerronWilliam C Ratcliff

Abstract

The transition from unicellular to multicellular life was one of a few major events in the history of life that created new opportunities for more complex biological systems to evolve. Predation is hypothesized as one selective pressure that may have driven the evolution of multicellularity. Here we show that de novo origins of simple multicellularity can evolve in response to predation. We subjected outcrossed populations of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to selection by the filter-feeding predator Paramecium tetraurelia. Two of five experimental populations evolved multicellular structures not observed in unselected control populations within ~750 asexual generations. Considerable variation exists in the evolved multicellular life cycles, with both cell number and propagule size varying among isolates. Survival assays show that evolved multicellular traits provide effective protection against predation. These results support the hypothesis that selection imposed by predators may have played a role in some origins of multicellularity.

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Citations

Apr 4, 2019·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Jordan G GulliWilliam C Ratcliff
Apr 23, 2019·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Edi Sudianto
May 16, 2019·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Yuriy PichuginArne Traulsen
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May 16, 2021·Nature Communications·G Ozan BozdagWilliam C Ratcliff
Jul 13, 2021·Biology Methods and Protocols·Jacob BoswellMatthew Herron
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Nov 25, 2021·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Marco La Fortezza, Gregory J Velicer

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
light microscopy
fluorescence microscopy

Software Mentioned

Fiji
ImageJ

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