Deacetylation of chromatin and gene expression regulation: a new target for epigenetic therapy

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis
Heidi OlzschaNicholas B La Thangue

Abstract

Besides the genetic information thath is encoded by DNA, heritable information can also be passed on without relying on changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA, a phenomenon known as epigenetics. Gene expression in eukaryotes is partly regulated by epigenetic mechanisms both at the DNA and histone protein levels. Chromatin structure can be influenced by various modifications, including the reversible posttranslational processes of acetylation and deacetylation of DNA-binding proteins. Histone acetyl transferase (HAT) is referred to as the writer of this process, whereas histone deacetylase (HDAC) is the eraser of this lysine modification. Dysregulation of gene expression and changes in the HDAC expression profile have been associated with carcinogenesis, and HDAC inhibitors are already approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma. These inhibitors are able to influence epigenetic processes by targeting HDAC activity, increasing nuclear histone acetylation status, and contributing to chromatin remodeling, thereby affecting gene expression. In addition, HDACs also act on a plethora of cytosolic proteins with many cellular functions, including angiogenesis, immune responses, and autophag...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 14, 2015·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Mathieu Vinken
Oct 18, 2015·Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine·Hui TaoJun Li
Dec 10, 2015·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Anna Maria Mileo, Stefania Miccadei
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Nov 26, 2016·Scientific Reports·Vincent PillonelPatrick Matthias
Nov 12, 2019·Cell Biochemistry and Function·Yizhen LiuXiaojian Liu
May 12, 2020·Molecular Carcinogenesis·Eswar ShankarSanjay Gupta
Jun 26, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Linda Anna Michelle KulkaHeidi Olzscha
Nov 4, 2016·Nature·Michelle C Barton
Jan 17, 2016·Molecular Cancer Therapeutics·Maria PinkerneilGuenter Niegisch
Jun 19, 2021·Translational Oncology·Kazuki OkuboAkinori Sato
Oct 7, 2021·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Vivek BoraBhoomika M Patel

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