Decision making and personality in traffic offenders: a study of Israeli drivers

Accident; Analysis and Prevention
Dror LevEldad Yechiam

Abstract

Traffic offences present danger to the offender, and to others. This study examines differences in decision making and personality between traffic offenders and non-offenders. Fifty-one traffic offenders participating in penalty courses were compared to a control group of 36 drivers who were not penalized for traffic offences in the 5 years prior to the study. All participants performed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), a popular decision task employed for assessing cognitive impulsivity, and completed the "big five" personality questionnaire. The results showed that traffic offenders made fewer advantageous choices on the IGT; and an analysis with a formal cognitive model, the Expectancy Valance model, suggests that this results from offenders' high weighting of gains compared to losses. An examination of personality factors reveals that traffic offenders were more extraverted. The predictive power of IGT performance was comparable to that of the personality factor. These results demonstrate that the IGT can be useful for studying individual differences in risk taking in a real-world task, and combined with the EV model, identify the sources of these differences.

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Citations

Apr 6, 2013·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Patricia Perez-FusterJaime Sanmartin
Jun 24, 2008·Applied Neuropsychology·David E Hartman
Nov 24, 2012·Australian Occupational Therapy Journal·Julia AsimakopulosNicol Korner-Bitensky
Jul 8, 2014·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Paul B HarrisDaniel A Sachau
Jan 11, 2016·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Andy S K ChengYutao Ba
Dec 7, 2010·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Lee Di MiliaPierre Philip
Nov 23, 2010·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Muzaffer KasarFacundo F Manes
Dec 19, 2012·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Andrzej JakubczykMarcin Wojnar
Jan 25, 2012·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Eric R DahlenChristopher R Warren
Oct 2, 2012·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Eyal Peer, Tove Rosenbloom
Nov 1, 2018·Journal of Addiction Medicine·Junaid A BhattiDonald A Redelmeier

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