Deep south-north genetic divergence in Godlewski's bunting (Emberiza godlewskii) related to uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and habitat preferences

BMC Evolutionary Biology
Jiande LiXinkang Bao

Abstract

Geological events and climatic changes played important roles in shaping population differentiation and distribution within species. In China, populations in many species have contracted and expanded responding to environmental changes with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and glacial cycles during Pleistocene. In this study, we analysed the population structure of Godlewski's Bunting, Emberiza godlewskii, to determine the effects of major historical events, geographic barriers and past climatic changes on phylogenetic divergence and historical demographic dynamics of this species. A phylogeny based on concatenated mitochondrial and nuclear DNA datasets show two (northern and southern) clades approximately diverged 3.26 million years ago (Ma). The West Qinling Mountains serve as a dividing line between the two lineages. Both lineages experienced a recent demographic expansion during interglacial periods (marine isotope stages (MISs) 2-6). Bayesian skyline plots and the results of ecological niche modelling suggested a more intensive expansion of the northern lineage during the late Pleistocene, whereas the southern lineage was comparatively mild in population growth. Our results provide insights into the distributi...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

Tracer1
NETWORK
eBird
ENM
MEGA
IMa2
MrBayes
Zoige
MrModeltest
SeqMan

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