Defective liver disposal of free fatty acids in patients with impaired glucose tolerance

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Patricia IozzoJuhani Knuuti

Abstract

The liver exchanges high fluxes of glucose and free fatty acids (FFA) and is one main site of their reciprocal regulation. Acute exposure to hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia has been shown to reduce splanchnic beta-oxidation in healthy humans. We investigated whether a spontaneous condition of chronic mild hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia affects liver FFA uptake. Hepatic FFA influx rate constant (LKi) was measured after a 12-15-h fast in 10 patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and eight control subjects using positron emission tomography in combination with the long-chain FFA analog 14(R,S)-[18F]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid. Compared with controls, IGT patients had higher serum insulin, glucose, and triglyceride levels (1.71 +/- 0.24 vs. 0.59 +/- 0.06 mmol/liter, P < 0.001), lower high-density lipoprotein (1.04 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.42 +/- 0.13 mmol/liter, P < 0.05), and similar FFA levels (0.59 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.56 +/- 0.05 mmol/liter(-1), P = not significant). LKi was significantly reduced in IGT (0.288 +/- 0.014 min(-1)) compared with control subjects (0.341 +/- 0.014 min(-1), P < 0.02). LKi was negatively correlated with plasma glucose (r = 0.51, P < 0.03), glycosylated hemoglobin (r = 0.55, P < 0.02), and blood la...Continue Reading

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