Abstract
At present, there is no proficiency-based curriculum for endovascular treatment of aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) using virtual reality (VR) surgical simulators, whereas such curricula are available for the treatment of iliac and/or superficial femoral artery disease. The purpose of this work was to compute proficiency, defined by a benchmark level determined by the performance of experts, using a commercial VR simulator as a first step of a curriculum on EVAR. Expert endovascular surgeons (with more than 150 EVAR cases as first operators) from 12 major Italian centers completed three cases of EVAR of increasing difficulty level 3 times each, using the Angio Mentor simulator (by Simbionix) and Gore devices. Proficiency level was based on performance of expert surgeons, as assessed by metrics from a VR simulator. The participating surgeons had a median of 20 years of experience and executed a median of 440 EVAR. For the 3 simulated cases, the following proficiency values were respectively obtained: total procedure time: 22 minutes 32 seconds, 23 minutes 05 seconds, and 20 minutes 32 seconds; total amount of contrast injected: 85.16 mL, 89.97 mL, and 98.01 mL total fluoroscopy time: 10 minutes 39 seconds, 12 minutes 22 seconds, an...Continue Reading
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