Delineating the Role of Toll-Like Receptors in the Neuro-inflammation Model EAE

Methods in Molecular Biology
Francesca FallarinoBruno Gran

Abstract

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most relevant and commonly used animal model to study autoimmune demyelinating diseases like Multiple Sclerosis (MS). In EAE, the activation of CD4+ T-cells is considered to be the main trigger leading to inflammation and central nervous system (CNS) demyelination. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most important and first class of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in innate immune system and play critical roles in initiating inflammatory responses and promoting adaptive immune responses due to their ability to recognize a wide range of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and being expressed in a wide range of cell types both in the innate and adaptive immune systems. Upon TLR stimulation by appropriate ligand, innate immune cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and can serve as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to prime naïve T cells to recognize antigens. Thus, TLRs play an important role in linking the innate to the adaptive immune response. To date, large numbers of studies have been done to investigate the role of adaptive immunity in both EAE and MS but delineating the role of innate immunity in EAE received very little focus and appreciation taking in...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 9, 2019·Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology·Seyedeh Masoomeh NoorbakhshAbbas Mirshafiey
Nov 9, 2017·International Journal of Molecular Medicine·Meiling JinWeizhen Zhang
Sep 27, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Agnieszka PolakMaria Klatka

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