PMID: 18720754Aug 30, 2008Paper

Dementia and diabetes mellitus

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo
Dragan M Pavlović, Aleksandra M Pavlović

Abstract

Dementia and Diabetes mellitus (DM) are major health problems nowadays. DM leads to a significant cognitive decline and increases the risk of dementia, mostly Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) by 50-100% and 100-150%, respectively. Amyloid beta (Abeta), the main pathogenic factor in AD development, is eliminated by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and degraded by insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) for which it competes with insulin. Insulin stimulates secretion of Abeta and promotes brain inflammation. DM I and II cause slowing down of mental speed, lowering of mental flexibility and DM II learning and memory disturbances. DM acts both directly by hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia and by the blood vessel changes. Hyperglycaemia changes synapse plasticity and leads to cognitive decline. AGEs disrupt the neuron function and bonding to Abeta increases its aggregability. Glycation of tau protein promotes production of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), the main intracellular pathogenic factor in AD. AGE 2 in DM causes pathological angiogenesis and apoptosis of neurons. AGE receptor (RAGE) is also the specific Abeta receptor with which it produces reactive oxygen species that has, as a result, disruption of mitoc...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 26, 2009·European Heart Journal·Petr WidimskyUNKNOWN European Association for Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions
May 27, 2010·Vojnosanitetski pregled. Military-medical and pharmaceutical review·Dragan M PavlovićSanja Totić

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