Demosponge EST sequencing reveals a complex genetic toolkit of the simplest metazoans.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
Matija HarcetKristian Vlahovicek

Abstract

Sponges (Porifera) are among the simplest living and the earliest branching metazoans. They hold a pivotal role for studying genome evolution of the entire metazoan branch, both as an outgroup to Eumetazoa and as the closest branching phylum to the common ancestor of all multicellular animals (Urmetazoa). In order to assess the transcription inventory of sponges, we sequenced expressed sequence tag libraries of two demosponge species, Suberites domuncula and Lubomirskia baicalensis, and systematically analyzed the assembled sponge transcripts against their homologs from complete proteomes of six well-characterized metazoans--Nematostella vectensis, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, Ciona intestinalis, and Homo sapiens. We show that even the earliest metazoan species already have strikingly complex genomes in terms of gene content and functional repertoire and that the rich gene repertoire existed even before the emergence of true tissues, therefore further emphasizing the importance of gene loss and spatio-temporal changes in regulation of gene expression in shaping the metazoan genomes. Our findings further indicate that sponge and human genes generally show similarity levels highe...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 3, 2011·Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology·Drago PerinaHelena Cetković
May 7, 2013·Biochemical Genetics·Matija HarcetBruna Pleše
Feb 9, 2011·Physical Biology·P C W Davies, C H Lineweaver
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Jul 22, 2014·Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology·Helena ĆetkovićMaja Herak Bosnar
Jan 11, 2018·Marine Drugs·Helena ĆetkovićMaja Herak Bosnar
Feb 18, 2018·Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology·Helena ĆetkovićMaja Herak Bosnar
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Oct 18, 2020·Cells·Silvestar BeljanHelena Ćetković

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
EST sequencing

Software Mentioned

BlastT
domuncula
Ensembl
CAP3 Sequence
Muscle
MADNet
BlastX
Blast

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